Circular Economy Jobs in France Surge by Over 25% Between 2009 and 2024

A comprehensive study by La Fabrique de l’industrie, led by economists Abdoulaye Kané and Nadine Levratto, reveals significant growth in circular economy employment across France from 2009 to 2024. According to data from Urssaf-Acoss, jobs within the circular economy increased by 25.78%, notably outpacing overall employment growth of 13.94%. This upward trend highlights the sector's resilience and expansion over 15 years.

The study identifies three distinct phases of growth: modest expansion from 2009 to 2015 with 9,593 net new jobs; accelerated growth between 2015 and 2019 adding 47,154 jobs; and further robust gains from 2020 to 2024 with 59,457 new positions created, demonstrating the sector's durability even through the health crisis.

This growth was widespread geographically, with 259 of France’s 287 metropolitan employment zones experiencing increases in circular economy employment. Metropolitan areas have driven much of this progress, growing employment on average by 34% in 22 major metropolitan zones. Toulouse stands out, with a striking 45.5% rise. The southern regions and the Atlantic coast notably contributed, though disparities remain as rural and transitioning industrial areas lag behind.

The analysis emphasizes that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to circular economy development. Eight territorial profiles were outlined based on metrics such as employment density, industrial make-up, and unemployment rates. Moreover, despite rising jobs, the total number of circular economy establishments has decreased, suggesting consolidation into larger organizations.

The study underscores the dynamic and territorially uneven nature of France's circular economy job market, with metropolitan hubs acting as engines of growth. The findings provide critical insights for policymakers aiming to support sustainable economic models and reduce regional disparities.