Economic Struggles and Political Shifts Amid Rising Living Costs in France

Despite a slowing inflation rate, France continues to face persistent high living costs driven by stagnant real wages and unaffordable housing, creating financial hardships for many citizens. Economists Don Diego de la Vega and Philippe Crevel highlight a dual economic reality where some sectors thrive while vast portions of the population grapple with economic pressure. This complex scenario raises questions about the role of external shocks versus national political choices in sustaining France's high cost of living.

The economic strain is influencing political behavior, especially among senior citizens. Recent studies reveal that 32% of French voters over 65 intend to support Marine Le Pen and the Rassemblement National (RN) in the upcoming 2027 presidential election, marking a notable increase in far-right support within this demographic. Traditionally skeptical of the extreme right, seniors are shifting due to the decline of traditional parties like the Republicans and a nostalgic appeal to Gaullism. Concerns over identity issues, conservative views on Islam, and worries about economic stability—particularly retirement pensions—are key factors driving this change.

Seniors represent 22% of France’s population but often account for more than 40% of voters, amplifying their political influence. As Luc Rouban, a CNRS senior research director, explains, the RN’s ability to address seniors’ priorities could significantly sway public policy and election outcomes. This intersection of economic hardship and shifting political alliances underscores the urgent challenges facing France’s social fabric ahead of the presidential vote.

The persistence of economic hardship despite favorable macroeconomic indicators, coupled with senior voters’ growing support for the RN, illustrates France’s current socio-economic and political tensions. These dynamics underscore critical questions about policy direction, societal cohesion, and the future political landscape for France.