France Records More Deaths Than Births in 2025 for the First Time Since WWII

For the first time since the end of World War II, France has recorded more deaths than births in 2025, marking a significant demographic shift. According to data presented by Insee on January 13, 2026, the country saw 651,000 deaths surpass 645,000 births. This results in a negative natural population balance, a milestone not seen in over 70 years.

Despite this natural decline, the overall population of France reached 69.1 million as of January 1, 2026. This slight population growth is now driven primarily by net migration rather than the natural increase between births and deaths. The declining fertility rate, combined with an increase in mortality, are key factors behind this trend. Experts anticipate that mortality rates will continue to rise, further impacting demographic trends in the coming years.

The demographic shift reflects broader societal changes, including an aging population and persistently low fertility rates. This development is expected to have far-reaching implications for France’s social policies and planning, emphasizing the growing importance of immigration as a contributor to population growth.

As noted by Insee, "the negative natural balance is due to a persistent decline in fertility and an increase in mortality." The demographic report underscores the urgent need for political attention to address these changes.

While the slight population increase provides some cushion, the natural decline highlights the challenges France faces in maintaining its population through natural growth. Migration will play a crucial role going forward, shaping the country's demographic and economic future.