France and UK Announce Nuclear Deterrence Coordination Amidst Rising Threats
France and the UK commit to nuclear deterrence coordination to enhance European security against extreme threats.
Key Points
- • France and the UK will coordinate nuclear deterrence strategies to address European security threats.
- • A nuclear oversight group to be established to enhance collaboration in defense policies and operations.
- • Macron and Starmer’s agreement marks a significant change in 30 years of defense doctrine.
- • The new cooperation arises partly from concerns following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
On July 9, 2025, French President Emmanuel Macron and British Prime Minister Keir Starmer unveiled a historic agreement to "coordinate" their nuclear deterrence strategies as a response to escalating threats to European security. This announcement is a fundamental shift in the defense relationship between the two nations, aiming to enhance their collective response to potential extreme threats, particularly in light of the shifting geopolitical landscape following Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
The forthcoming declaration, to be signed tomorrow, asserts that while both nations maintain control over their nuclear arsenals, a collective response may be warranted against threats to their vital interests. Macron and Starmer noted, "Any extreme threat to Europe will provoke a joint response," emphasizing the need for unity in the face of adversity, although specific details of such a response remain undisclosed.
To oversee this unprecedented collaboration, a nuclear oversight group will be formed, co-chaired by representatives from the Élysée Palace and the UK Cabinet Office. This group's mandate will focus on enhancing defense policies, capabilities, and operational practices between France and the UK, marking the first evolution in their deterrence doctrine since the 1995 Chequers declaration. That prior agreement did not contemplate specific response scenarios, suggesting a significant evolution in thinking regarding collective security based on shared interests.
The backdrop for this strategic shift includes growing doubts about the reliability of American security assurances in the current geopolitical climate. The upcoming Downing Street summit set for July 10 is expected to further elaborate on this defense partnership, including accelerating the development of joint missile programs such as the Scalp/Storm Shadow project and launching new cruise and anti-ship missile initiatives.
Furthermore, Macron and Starmer will lead a video conference with around 30 allied nations, aimed at reinforcing support for Ukraine and establishing a framework for future ceasefire discussions with Russia. This collaboration is seen as essential not only for Ukraine but also for reaffirming the security architecture within Europe, indicating a strong commitment from both nations to protect their interests and those of their European partners.