France Signs Historic Deal to Supply Ukraine with Rafale Jets Amid Kremlin Backlash

On November 17, 2025, French President Emmanuel Macron and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky signed a declaration of intent in Paris marking a significant step in Franco-Ukrainian defense cooperation. This agreement outlines the potential delivery of approximately 100 Rafale fighter jets along with their associated armaments to Ukraine, as well as eight new-generation air defense systems. Macron described the deal as historic, emphasizing its purpose to rejuvenate the Ukrainian armed forces and equip them to prevent future incursions after a peace or ceasefire with Russia. Zelensky hailed the agreement as a key moment for Ukraine's defense capabilities.

However, the Kremlin swiftly condemned the arrangement, accusing France of "fueling" the war. Kremlin spokesperson Dmitri Peskov criticized the arms deal, arguing that it would not change the situation on the front lines but instead would amplify militaristic and pro-war sentiments. Moscow has consistently condemned NATO countries’ arms supplies to Ukraine since Russia’s invasion in February 2022, labeling such deliveries ineffective and unacceptable, a stance reiterated during previous diplomatic communications with France.

While the French-Ukrainian deal represents a political milestone and a firm show of support, some analysts view it as more symbolic at this stage, noting the long timeframe for execution and the logistical challenges of replenishing Ukraine’s military stock post-conflict. Nevertheless, Macron underscored the importance of international solidarity and France’s commitment to aiding Ukraine’s defense needs.

This development marks a notable intensification of France's military aid to Ukraine and highlights ongoing tensions between Western nations supporting Kyiv and Russia opposing such efforts. The next steps will focus on the formalization and implementation of the contract over the coming decade, aiming at solidifying Ukraine’s defense posture in a post-war landscape.