Historic Agreement Signed to Establish 'State of New Caledonia'
A historic agreement to create a 'State of New Caledonia' was signed, outlining new governance and economic strategies for the territory.
Key Points
- • Agreement signed in Bougival to establish 'State of New Caledonia' within French Constitution.
- • New Caledonian nationality to coexist with French nationality.
- • Implementation timeline includes elections postponed to May-June 2026.
- • Economic plans to revitalize the nickel industry, crucial for local economy.
On July 12, 2023, a landmark agreement was signed in Bougival, France, to create a 'State of New Caledonia' within the French Constitution, marking a pivotal moment for the French overseas territory. The accord was championed by President Emmanuel Macron and drew support from a diverse array of political representatives in New Caledonia, reflecting a significant political evolution in its status.
Key features of the agreement include the postponement of provincial elections until May-June 2026, a constitutional bill set for discussion in the French Parliament this autumn, and a referendum planned for February 2026 to allow New Caledonian citizens to vote on the new status. Additionally, the agreement proposes the establishment of a new Caledonian nationality that will exist alongside French nationality. Residents will be able to hold both nationalities, although renouncing French nationality would also forfeit Caledonian nationality.
The governance structure will undergo gradual modifications, permitting a transfer of specific powers from the French government to New Caledonian authorities. These areas include diplomacy and security, although core competencies will remain under national control. The New Caledonian Congress is poised to expand to 56 members, enhancing political representation across the archipelago.
Economically, the agreement addresses a dire financial landscape, particularly focusing on the nickel industry, which is vital for New Caledonia's economy. The plan encompasses initiatives to boost local nickel processing and incorporate technical and financial support from the French state to revitalize the sector.
Reactions to the agreement have been polarized. Supporters, including local politician Philippe Gomes, view it as an opportunity for renewed stability and hope in the region. In contrast, opponents such as Jean-Luc Mélenchon have expressed concerns over potential ramifications for France's constitutional integrity. Regardless of the differing opinions, the agreement marks a crucial next step in shaping New Caledonia's relationship with France and its future governance.