Poverty and Modesty Rates in France: A Comparative Analysis with the EU

A recent study by the Direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques (Drees) revealed that France boasts a lower poverty rate than the European Union (EU) average, with 14% of its population classified as poor as of 2025, compared to 17% in the EU. However, France's proportion of individuals living in modest income conditions is higher, at 13%, compared to the EU average of 12%.

The Drees report, based on 2021 data, characterizes 'poor' persons as those earning below 60% of the median national income, while 'modest' individuals earn between 60% and 75%. Vulnerability among specific demographics, such as single-parent families, immigrants, and the unemployed, remains significant, with 39% of single-parent families in France classified as poor. Notably, 42% of immigrants from non-EU nations experience poverty. The situation for retirees is more favorable, as only 10% are considered poor, compared to 15% across the EU. The study positions France's poverty rate strategically between countries like Luxembourg (18% poor) and Finland (11% poor).

This trend highlights ongoing socio-economic challenges in the country, particularly for vulnerable groups, reinforcing the need for targeted policies to address these disparities among the French population and align with the broader EU context.